聂浩,柯希玮,柳成亮,黄中,魏邵青,徐成兴,王君峰,吕俊复,岳光溪

• 1:清华大学能源与动力工程系
• 2:晋能控股电力集团有限公司
• 3:怀柔实验室山西研究院
• 4:北京怀柔实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

提高燃煤发电机组灵活运行能力对保障电力系统可靠稳定运行具有重要意义。深入分析了循环流化床（CFB）锅炉炉内热质传递过程，发现当负荷变化时，进入炉膛的风量快速响应，驱动稀相区颗粒悬浮浓度改变，从而引发燃烧侧向工质侧传热率的快速变化；与煤粉锅炉不同，CFB锅炉平均床温随负荷变化较小，变负荷过程中尽管热容很大，但热惯性没有充分表现出来，对变负荷速率不产生消极影响。因此，CFB锅炉的负荷调节过程是基于近恒温条件下传热系数的快速响应，与煤粉锅炉变负荷机制存在本质区别。此外，床料中相当数量的未燃尽碳在升负荷时可作为潜在的燃料供应源，当氧量供应提高时，燃烧率能够迅速提高。结合床料及浇注料蓄热，CFB锅炉可视为自带“储能”功能，为提高出力提供长期能量支持。降低平均床料粒度、减小给煤粒径，添加粉煤和循环灰等措施，能够进一步提高CFB锅炉的变负荷速率。300 MW亚临界CFB煤电机组的试验结果显示，负荷升降速率可达4%～9%Pe/min，接近燃气轮机组的变负荷能力。研究表明CFB锅炉具备快速变负荷潜力，将在新型电力系统中发挥更关键的作用。

关键词(KeyWords)： 循环流化床锅炉;快速变负荷;蓄热;对流传热;工程实践

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): “十四五”国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFB4100301）~~

作者(Author): 聂浩,柯希玮,柳成亮,黄中,魏邵青,徐成兴,王君峰,吕俊复,岳光溪

DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202506096

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