700 MW燃煤发电机组二氧化碳排放在线监测方法对比研究Comparative study on online monitoring methods for carbon dioxide emissions of 700 MW coal-fired power plants
韩金克,吴建群,夏永俊,张员根,黄赵鑫,郭修文,刘小伟
摘要(Abstract):
国内燃煤机组中短期内碳排放量在线监测方法仍以核算法为主,碳排放在线监测方法尚不完善。针对大型燃煤机组碳排放,探索基于机组燃料管理系统常规监测数据的碳排放在线核算方法,形成了燃煤机组碳排放快速核算方法;并针对CO_2体积分数、流速、湿度测量方式的不同设计了5种碳排放直接在线监测方法,以快速核算法为基准,对比了不同测算周期内不同碳排放量计算方法的计算偏差。结果显示:随测算周期时间跨度的增大,不同方法的碳排放量计算偏差逐渐稳定,60天内的监测结果显示,系统法、监测法、修正监测法、氧平衡法、修正氧平衡法和热值法的平均计算偏差分别为-11.5%、7.7%、4.6%、9.7%、7.1%和17.0%,经长周期参比修正后均可用于燃煤机组碳排放在线监测,支撑燃煤机组碳排放控制和碳资产管理。
关键词(KeyWords): 燃煤机组;碳排放;碳核算;在线监测
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(52006080);; 江西省重点研发项目(20214BBG74004)~~
作者(Author): 韩金克,吴建群,夏永俊,张员根,黄赵鑫,郭修文,刘小伟
DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202404089
参考文献(References):
- [1]EGGLESTON S,BUENDIA L,MIWA K,et al.IPCC2006国家温室气体清单指南:第二卷能源[M].日本:全球环境战略研究所,2006:2.13-2.35.EGGLESTON S,BUENDIA L,MIWA K,et al.IPCC2006 National greenhouse gas inventory guidelines:Volume 2:Energy[M].Japan:Institute for Global Environmental Strategies,2006:2.13-2.35.
- [2]徐丽笑,王亚菲.我国城市碳排放核算:国际统计标准测度与方法构建[J].统计研究,2022,39(7):12-30.XU Lixiao,WANG Yafei.City carbon emission accounting in china:international statistical standards measurement and methodology construction[J].Statistical Research,2022,39(7):12-30.
- [3]卢露.碳中和背景下完善我国碳排放核算体系的思考[J].西南金融,2021(12):15-27.LU Lu.Thoughts on perfecting China’s carbon emission accounting system under the background of carbon neutrality[J].Southwest Finance,2021(12):15-27.
- [4]中华人民共和国生态环境部办公厅.关于印发《企业温室气体排放核算与报告指南发电设施》《企业温室气体排放核查技术指南发电设施》的通知:环办气候函[2022]485号[R/OL].(2022-12-21)[2024-04-15].https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk06/202212/t20221221_1008430.html.Office of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China.Notice on Issuing the Guidelines for Accounting and Reporting of Enterprise Greenhouse Gas Emissions:Power Generation Facilities and Technical Guidelines for Verification of Enterprise Greenhouse Gas Emissions:Power Generation Facilities:HBQHH[2022]No.485[R/OL].(2022-12-21)[2024-04-15].https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk06/202212/t20221221_1008430.html.
- [5]WAGNER C,ESBENSEN K H.A systematic approach to assessing measurement uncertainty for CO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants:missing contributions from the Theory of Sampling (TOS)[J].Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2011,89(9):1572-1586.
- [6]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.全国首个火力发电企业二氧化碳排放在线监测技术要求标准正式发布[R/OL].(2021-01-29)[2024-04-15].https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xwdt/ztzl/nybzgzzl/gnjnybz/202101/t20210129_1266290.html?eqid=ccf4ffa7000acae200000005645d05d4&wd=&eqid=fb52ba6600040bad0000000264901b04.National Development and Reform Commission of the People’s Republic of China.Technical requirements for on-line monitoring of CO2 emitted from thermal power plant[R/OL].(2021-01-29)[2024-04-15].https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xwdt/ztzl/nybzgzzl/gnjnybz/202101/t20210129_1266290.html?eqid=ccf4ffa7000acae200000005645d05d4&wd=&eqid=fb52ba6600040bad0000000264901b04.
- [7]火电厂烟气二氧化碳排放连续监测技术规范:DL/T2376-2021[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2021:3-4.Specification for continuous emissions monitoring of CO2 in the flue gas emitted from thermal power plants:DL/T 2376-2021[S].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2021:3-4.
- [8]固定污染源废气二氧化碳的测定非分散红外吸收法:HJ 870-2017[S].北京:中国环境出版社,2017:1-5.Stationary source emission determination of carbon dioxide non-dispersive infrared absorption method:HJ870-2017[S].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2017:1-5.
- [9]王霂晗,朱林,张晶杰,等.欧盟火电厂二氧化碳排放在线监测系统质量保证体系对中国的启示[J].中国电力,2020,53(3):154-158.WANG Muhan,ZHU Lin,ZHANG Jingjie,et al.Practice of quality assurance system of carbon dioxide emission on-line monitoring system in the european union[J].Electric Power,2020,53(3):154-158.
- [10]LEE S,CHOI Y M,WOO J,et al.Estimating and comparing greenhouse gas emissions with their uncertainties using different methods:a case study for an energy supply utility[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,2014,64(10):1164-1173.
- [11]刘科,杨兴森,王太,等.基于实时监测的燃煤机组碳排放特性研究[J].热力发电,2022,51(10):47-53.LIU Ke,YANG Xingsen,WANG Tai,et al.Research on carbon emission characteristics of coal-fired units based on real-time monitoring[J].Thermal Power Generation,2022,51(10):47-53.
- [12]袁博.基于NDIR原理的CO2浓度传感器的制备与研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2019:14-19.YUAN Bo.A research and manufacturing of CO2sensorbased on NDIR technology[D].Chengdu:University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2019:14-19.
- [13]洪光烈,章桦萍,刘豪,等.国外差分吸收激光雷达探测大气CO2研究综述[J].光电工程,2018,45(1):4-17.HONG Guanglie,ZHANG Huaping,LIU Hao,et al.Review of measurement for atmospheric CO2 differential absorption lidar[J].Opto-Electronic Engineering,2018,45(1):4-17.
- [14]蔡廷栋,高光珍,王敏锐,等.高温高压下基于TDLAS的二氧化碳浓度测量方法研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2014,34(7):1769-1773.CAI Tingdong,GAO Guangzhen,WANG Minrui,et al.Measurements of CO2 concentration at high temperature and pressure environments using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2014,34(7):1769-1773.
- [15]TENG T P,CHEN W J.A compensation model for an NDIR-based CO2 sensor and its energy implication on demand control ventilation in a hot and humid climate[J].Energy and Buildings,2023,281:112738.
- [16]MARTIN C R,ZENG N,KARION A,et al.Evaluation and environmental correction of ambient CO2measurements from a low-cost NDIR sensor[J].Atmospheric Measurement Techniques,2017,10:2383-2395.
- [17]吴昊,任鑫,朱俊杰.发电行业二氧化碳排放监测技术现状与综述[J].热力发电,2023,52(7):1-13.WU Hao,REN Xin,ZHU Junjie.Current situation and review of carbon dioxide emission monitoring technology in power generation industry[J].Thermal Power Generation,2023,52(7):1-13.
- [18]IM S,NGUYEN D T,CHOI Y M,et al.Smokestack gas velocity measurements using 3D pitot tubes in a coal-fired power plant[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2023,91:102347.
- [19]QUICK J C.Carbon dioxide emission tallies for 210 U.S.coal-fired power plants:a comparison of two accounting methods[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,2014,64(11):73-79.
- [20]固定污染源烟气(SO2、NOx、颗粒物)排放连续监测系统技术规范:HJ 75-2017[S].北京:中国环境出版社,2017:12-13.Specifications for continuous emissions monitoring of SO2,NOx,and particulate matter in the flue gas emitted from stationary sources:HJ 75-2017[S].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2017:12-13.
- [21]马若梦.基于多次反射直接吸收的烟道气二氧化碳浓度测量的研究[D].保定:河北大学,2020:12-28.MA Ruomeng.Research on measurement of flue gas carbon dioxide concentration based on direct absorption of multiple reflections[D].Baoding:Hebei University,2020:12-28.
- [22]李峥辉,卢伟业,庞晓坤,等.火电企业CO2排放在线监测系统的研发应用[J].洁净煤技术,2020,26(4):182-189.LI Zhenghui,LU Weiye,PANG Xiaokun,et al.Research and application of on-line monitoring system for CO2emissions from thermal power enterprises[J].Clean Coal Technology,2020,26(4):182-189.
- [23]裴冰,刘通浩,杨文雨,等.典型燃煤电厂机组二氧化碳排放测试及核算研究[J].中国环境监测,2023,39(2):225-231.PEI Bing,LIU Tonghao,YANG Wenyu,et al.Study on determination and accounting of CO2 emission from typical coal-fired power plant[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2023,39(2):225-231.
- [24]方文沐,李天荣,杜惠敏.燃料分析技术问答[M].3版.北京:中国电力出版社,2005:447-457.FANG Wenmu,LI Tianrong,DU Huimin.Fuel analysis technology Q&A[M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2005:447-457.
- [25]BRYANT R,SANNI O,MOORE E,et al.An uncertainty analysis of mean flow velocity measurements used to quantify emissions from stationary sources[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,2014,64(6):679-689.
- [26]陶冶,李强,张爱丽,等.超声波流速仪在烟气流速测量中的应用[J].中国环境监测,2014,30(6):179-183.TAO Ye,LI Qiang,ZHANG Aili,et al.Ultrasonic flow meter in the flue gas flow measurement applications[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2014,30(6):179-183.
- [27]LIU Z,GUAN D B,WEI W,et al.Reduced carbon emission estimates from fossil fuel combustion and cement production in China[J].Nature,2015,524(7565):335-348.
- [28]夏磊.做好全国碳市场数据质量提升与管理--2023年版《发电核算指南》解读[J].中国电力企业管理,2023(1):56-58.XIA Lei.Improving and managing the quality of national carbon market data:interpretation of the 2023 edition of the Electricity Generation Accounting Guidelines[J].China Power Enterprise Management,2023(1):56-58.