刘众元,高义斌,刘志兵,梁五洲,马素霞,魏绍青,柳成亮

• 1:国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院
• 2:北京怀柔实验室
• 3:怀柔实验室山西研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

压火时长作为压火调峰的核心控制参数，直接影响机组运行的安全性和经济性。然而，由于压火过程中各热力学参数的复杂耦合与动态特性，现有计算方法难以实现高效、精准计算。针对亚临界CFB锅炉压火调峰，提出一种基于能量平衡的压火时长计算方法，建立压火期间锅炉蓄热量、汽轮机利用热量与散热量的动态平衡模型，推导出床料、浇注料、金属受热面、工质及碳燃烧等关键热源的蓄放热公式，最终计算得到压火时长。以某300 MW亚临界CFB机组为例，计算值与实测值绝对误差控制在5 min内，相对误差小于10%，能够满足压火调峰工程需要。研究结果表明：蓄热方面，金属受热面蓄热对压火时长的贡献度为35%～41%、床料与浇注料的贡献度各约20%、床料中碳燃烧的贡献度为10%～15%，气体和工质蓄热的贡献度不足2%，可忽略；耗热方面，发电耗热占比最高，且随电负荷增大而增大，汽轮机克服本身转动阻力所需的热占比约20%，机组散热占比低于5%。通过提高压火初始温度、增加床料量、燃用高挥发分煤种、降低机组压火期间电负荷可显著延长压火时长。通常只有将压火期间平均电负荷降低至1%额定负荷以下，压火时长才能够大于2 h。

关键词(KeyWords)： 压火时长;能量平衡;调峰;蓄热量

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 怀柔实验室项目（ZD2023008A）~~

作者(Author): 刘众元,高义斌,刘志兵,梁五洲,马素霞,魏绍青,柳成亮

DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202502056

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