高凯旋,卢炜钦,刘雪敏,朱俊平,金燕,吕俊复,柯希玮

• 1:太原理工大学电气与动力工程学院
• 2:清华大学能源与动力工程系
• 3:中国特种设备检测研究院
• 4:太原锅炉集团有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

取消常规循环流化床（CFB）富氧燃烧系统中的烟气再循环装置，转为纯氧燃烧，有望降低机组整体运行能耗和CO_2捕集成本。纯氧燃烧将带来热负荷分布不均和极小烟气量下流化困难等问题，因此要针对炉内流态和受热面布置等进行全新锅炉设计。采取在密相区布置埋管受热面解决局部超温问题；同时应用独特的“下宽上窄”炉膛结构设计、降低床料粒度、增大一次风率等方法应对物料流化困难。基于CFB流动和传热理论，建立了纯氧燃烧CFB锅炉传热计算方法，并据此完成了130 t/h超高压纯氧燃烧CFB锅炉的概念性设计，给出了锅炉炉膛、埋管蒸发受热面、埋管过热器、旋风分离器、返料阀及尾部烟道省煤器的基本结构和整体布置方案。分析表明，该新型纯氧燃烧CFB锅炉能够较好解决高氧浓度燃烧带来的热负荷分布不均和极小烟气量下流化困难等问题，设计锅炉热效率可达94.83%，出口烟气中CO_2和H_2O体积分数分别为57.1%和38.4%，可为未来开发面向碳捕集、利用与封存（CCUS）-强化采油（EOR）的纯氧燃烧CFB锅炉技术和工程实践奠定基础。

关键词(KeyWords)： 循环流化床;纯氧燃烧;传热;流动;锅炉设计

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFB4100305）;; 中国博后科学基金面上资助项目（2022M721780）~~

作者(Author): 高凯旋,卢炜钦,刘雪敏,朱俊平,金燕,吕俊复,柯希玮

DOI: 10.19666/j.rlfd.202305065

参考文献(References)：

• [1]袁亮.我国煤炭主体能源安全高质量发展的理论技术思考[J].中国科学院院刊, 2023, 38(1):11-22.YUAN Liang. Theory and technology considerations on high-quality development of coal main energy security in China[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2023,38(1):11-22.
• [2]黄畅,张攀,王卫良,等.燃煤发电产业升级支撑我国节能减排与碳中和国家战略[J].热力发电, 2021,50(4):1-6.HUANG Chang, ZHANG Pan, WANG Weiliang, et al.The upgradation of coal-fired power generation industry supports China’s energy conservation, emission reduction and carbon neutrality[J]. Thermal Power Generation,2021, 50(4):1-6.
• [3]孙月巧,郑宏飞,孔慧,等.碳中和背景下煤电转型关键技术研究与展望[J].动力工程学报, 2022, 42(11):1013-1023.SUN Yueqiao, ZHENG Hongfei, KONG Hui, et al. Key technologies and prospects of coal power transformation under carbon neutrality background[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2022, 42(11):1013-1023.
• [4]帅永,赵斌,蒋东方,等.中国燃煤高效清洁发电技术现状与展望[J].热力发电, 2022, 51(1):1-10.SHUAI Yong, ZHAO Bin, JIANG Dongfang, et al. Status and prospect of coal-fired high efficiency and clean power generation technology in China[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2022, 51(1):1-10.
• [5]韩涛,赵瑞,张帅,等.燃煤电厂二氧化碳捕集技术研究及应用[J].煤炭工程, 2017, 49(增刊1):24-28.HAN Tao, ZHAO Rui, ZHANG Shuai, et al. Research and application on carbon capture of coal-fired power plants[J]. Coal Engineering, 2017, 49(Suppl.1):24-28.
• [6] PERRIN N, DUBETTIER R, LOCKWOOD F, et al. Oxy combustion for coal power plants:advantages, solutions and projects[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 74:75-82.
• [7]刘飞,关键,祁志富,等.燃煤电厂碳捕集、利用与封存技术路线选择[J].华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）,2022, 50(7):1-13.LIU Fei, GUAN Jian, QI Zhifu, et al. Technology route selection for carbon capture utilization and storage in coalfired power plants[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2022,50(7):1-13.
• [8] YUAN S Y, MA D S, LI J S, et al. Progress and prospects of carbon dioxide capture, EOR-utilization and storage industrialization[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2022, 49(4):955-962.
• [9]陈世杰,潘毅,孙雷,等.低渗高凝油藏CO2复合驱提高采收率机理实验研究[J].油气藏评价与开发, 2021,11(6):823-830.CHEN Shijie, PAN Yi, SUN Lei, et al. Mechanism of enhanced oil recovery by CO2 combination flooding in low permeability and high pour-point reservoir[J].Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021,11(6):823-830.
• [10]计秉玉,何应付.中国石化低渗透油藏CO2驱油实践与认识[J].油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(6):805-811.JI Bingyu, HE Yingfu. Practice and understanding about CO2 flooding in low permeability oil reservoirs by Sinopec[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(6):805-811.
• [11]王志强,宋园园,马春元,等.油田注汽锅炉氧燃料燃烧多联产捕集CO2的工艺分析[J].中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）, 2012, 36(5):141-145.WANG Zhiqiang, SONG Yuanyuan, MA Chunyuan, et al.Process analysis of oxy-combustion poly-generation of steam injection boiler for CO2 capture[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2012, 36(5):141-145.
• [12]王俊衡,王健,周志伟,等.稠油油藏CO2辅助蒸汽驱油机理实验研究[J].油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(6):852-857.WANG Junheng, WANG Jian, ZHOU Zhiwei, et al.Experimental study on mechanism of CO2 assisted steam flooding in heavy oil reservoir[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(6):852-857.
• [13] LYU J F, YANG H R, LIN G W, et al. Development of a supercritical and an ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler[J]. Frontiers in Energy, 2019, 13(1):114-119.
• [14]吕俊复,周托,张扬,等.碳中和目标下循环流化床锅炉技术的展望[J].动力工程学报, 2022, 42(11):1005-1012.LYU Junfu, ZHOU Tuo, ZHANG Yang, et al. Prospect of the circulating fluidized bed boiler technology for the goal of carbon neutralization[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2022, 42(11):1005-1012.
• [15]葛臣,王传浩,李诗媛,等.循环流化床富氧燃烧技术研究进展[J].工程热物理学报, 2023, 44(3):840-849.GE Chen, WANG Chuanhao, LI Shiyuan, et al. A review on the progress of oxy-fuel combustion technology in circulating fluidized bed[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2023, 44(3):840-849.
• [16]高大明,陈鸿伟,杨建蒙,等.循环流化床锅炉富氧燃烧与CO2捕集发电机组运行能耗影响因素分析[J].中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(5):1387-1396.GAO Daming, CHEN Hongwei, YANG Jianmeng, et al.Influence factor analysis of circulating fluidized bed boiler oxy-fuel combustion and CO2 capture power generation unit operation energy consumption[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(5):1387-1396.
• [17]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学[M]. 4版.北京:高等教育出版社, 2006:357-364.YANG Shiming, TAO Wenquan. Heat transfer[M]. 4th ed.Beijing:Higher Education Press, 2006:357-364.
• [18]郑立国,庄正宁.纯氧燃烧锅炉的热工特性[J].工业锅炉, 2007(4):8-11.ZHENG Liguo, ZHUANG Zhengning. Economic analysis on pure oxygen combustion[J]. Industrial Boilers,2007(4):8-11.
• [19]刘兰春,肖丽云,田军,等.美国FI CIRC循环流化床锅炉的结构及特点[J].锅炉制造, 2002(3):20-21.LIU Lanchun, XIAO Liyun, TIAN Jun, et al. Structural overview and technical feature of American FI CIRC CFB boiler[J]. Boiler Manufacturing, 2002(3):20-21.
• [20]吕俊复.超临界循环流化床锅炉水冷壁热负荷及水动力研究[D].北京:清华大学, 2005:62-65.LYU Junfu. Investigation on heat flux and hydrodynamics of water wall of a supercritical pressure circulating fluidized bed boiler[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University,2005:62-65.
• [21]冯俊凯,岳光溪,吕俊复,等.循环流化床燃烧锅炉[M]. 1版.北京:中国电力出版社, 2003:61-68.FENG Junkai, YUE Guangxi LYU Junfu, et al.Circulating fluidized bed combustion boiler[M].1st ed.Beijing:China Electric Power Press, 2003:61-68.
• [22] ANDERSSON B A, LECKNER B. Local lateral distribution of heat transfer for a tube surface of membrane walls in a CFB boiler[C]. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds. New York:ASME, 1993:311-318.
• [23]王春波,侯伟军,陈传敏,等.富氧燃烧循环流化床锅炉炉内传热特性[J].中国电机工程学报, 2011, 31(20):1-6.WANG Chunbo, HOU Weijun, CHEN Chuanmin, et al. Heat transfer characteristic in oxy-fuel circulating fluidized bed boiler[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011, 31(20):1-6.
• [24]吕俊复,张建胜,岳光溪,等.循环流化床锅炉燃烧室受热面传热系数计算方法[J].清华大学学报, 2000,40(2):94-97.LYU Junfu, ZHANG Jiansheng, YUE Guangxi, et al. Heat transfer coefficient calculational method for a heater in a circulating fluidized bed furnace[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University, 2000, 40(2):94-97.
• [25]黄祖毅,张衍国,李清海,等.废弃物焚烧锅炉内错列管束的对流换热特性[J].中国电机工程学报, 2003,23(4):181-184.HUANG Zuyi, ZHANG Yanguo, LI Qinghai, et al.Character of convective heat transfer of staggered tube bundles in the MSW boiler[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2003, 23(4):181-184.
• [26]张衍国.废弃物锅炉炉内传热特性研究[D].北京:清华大学, 2000:49-50.ZHANG Yanguo. Study on heat transfer of MSW incinerator[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University, 2000:49-50.
• [27]王鹏,柳朝晖,廖海燕,等. 200 MW富氧燃煤锅炉传热特性研究[J].动力工程学报, 2014, 34(7):507-511.WANG Peng, LIU Zhaohui, LIAO Haiyan, et al. Study on heat-transfer characteristics of a 200 MW oxy-fuel coalfired boiler[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2014, 34(7):507-511.
• [28]冯俊凯,沈幼庭,杨瑞昌,等.锅炉原理及计算[M].3版.北京:科学出版社, 2003:314-317.FENG Junkai, SHEN Youting YANG Ruichang, et al.Boiler principle and calculation[M]. 3rd ed. Beijing:Science Press, 2003:314-317.
• [29] JOHNSSON F, ANDERSSON S, LECKNER B, et al.Expansion of a freely bubbling fluidized bed[J]. Powder Technology, 1991, 68(2):117-123.